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It is important to note that stable
2023-03-02
It is important to note that stable amnesia is, apparently, a general biological phenomenon and can be found in different animal species. In studies on rats, it was found that if reconsolidation of conditioned olfactory aversion memory was impaired by the antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors, amne
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Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic
2023-03-02
Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic substance released from most cells, including neurons and glias. Endogenous adenosine acts at four principal G-protein-associated receptor subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b and A3 (Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998). The stimulation of adenosine receptors by extracellular adenos
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By applying each external load
2023-03-02
By applying each external load to the G-actin molecule, and measuring the elongation of the molecule, we computed force-displacement curves. The force versus displacement curve can be used to evaluate the tensile stiffness of the G-actin from a linear regression analysis. Followed by statistical ana
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br Funding br Introduction l Dihydroxyphenylalanine l DOPA i
2023-03-02
Funding Introduction l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the gold-standard treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its chronic use induces severe motor complications that eventually limit its long-term efficacy (Bastide et al., 2015). The most disabling side
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However cancer and fibrotic diseases
2023-03-02
However, cancer and fibrotic diseases are the most extensively studied disease states. ATX is connected to various cancers because it can stimulate chemokinesis and chemotaxis in melanoma cells. Upregulated ATX PF-04449913 has been reported in breast cancer,, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, non-s
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Various cardiovascular diseases show a high
2023-03-02
Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of autophagosomes. Whereas basal autophagy is required for the proper functioning of cardiomyocytes [82], the deletion of Atg5 gene in myocardium shows a high risk of cardiomyopathy [83]. Hamacher et al. observed that an upregulation of Bnip3, a
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This project was funded by the University
2023-03-02
This project was funded by the University of the Philippines Diliman through the Natural Sciences Research Institute with grant No. CHE-09-2-02. Introduction There is compelling evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect of 12- and 15-lipoxygenases through the generation of lipid mediators involve
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br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br Introduction
2023-03-02
Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming Vidofludimus in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively correlated
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Aminoglutethimide first generation aromatase inhibitor has b
2023-03-02
Aminoglutethimide, first generation aromatase inhibitor, has been tried as an antiepileptic drug in combination with other standard drugs (Aguilar et al., 1961). Letrozole is a third generation reversible non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, approved by US-FDA, for the treatment of postmenopausal wome
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According to the diversity in molecular skeletons aromatase
2023-03-02
According to the Tadalafil in molecular skeletons, aromatase inhibitors can be categorized into two types: steroidal and non-steroidal blockers [6]. Steroidal AI (e.g., exemestane in Fig. 1) derived from the substrate androstenedione interacts with aromatase through chemical actions, resulting in a
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Most of lipid lowering agents have many therapeutic problems
2023-03-02
Most of lipid-lowering agents have many therapeutic problems with severe side effects, while dietary fibers as lipid lowering therapy are safer. Chitosan (CS) is a dietary fiber biodegradable, biocompatible and has many health benefits including wound healing, antiinflammatory, anti-cancers, immune-
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br Results br Discussion br STAR
2023-03-01
Results Discussion STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Angela Walker for assistance with the manuscript; Junlin Liu, Xiangxiang Gu, Na Chen, Lu Xue, and the BV Core Facility of iHuman Institute for their support; scientists and colleagues at Amgen Inc., Zhulun W
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Kim et al found that hydroxydopamine OHDA promoted the
2023-03-01
Kim et al. (2013) found that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) promoted the atrophy of dopaminergic neurons associated with the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), the translocation of apoptosis inductor factor (AIF) and the depletion of ATP. An increase in p-AMPK and pS6K (upstream kinase o
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br Perspectives br Acknowledgments This investigation was su
2023-03-01
Perspectives Acknowledgments This investigation was supported by a Research Grant 2010/01385-5 from FAPESP (Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil). P.F.S. was recipient of a CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil) productivity grant. R.F.A. was recipient of
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Recently two distinct small molecule inhibitors
2023-03-01
Recently, two distinct small-molecule inhibitors of PHGDH were identified using high-throughput screens, both of which inhibit de novo serine biosynthesis and show selective toxicity to cancer Ozagrel HCl with high SSP flux [50,51]. The inhibitor NCT-503, which has an IC50 of 2.5μM, reduces the gro
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