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br The hedgehog signalling pathway The canonical
2022-02-11

The hedgehog signalling pathway The canonical Hh pathway is a conserved, highly complex signalling cascade, with many players and intricate regulation. However, it can be simplified into four fundamental components: i) the ligand Hh, ii) the receptor Patched (Patch [PTCH1]), iii) the signal trans
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Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is the fifth most
2022-02-11

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most lethal malignant tumor worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death [1]. For HCC patients, Aldicarb virus (HBV) infection is the important causative risk factor in Asia-Pacific regions [[2], [3], [4]]. In China, mor
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To further investigate the relationship between the
2022-02-11

To further investigate the relationship between the pro-neurogenic and therapeutic actions, we analyzed the effect of VP2.51 in the presence of the antimitotic agent TMZ. No overt side effects were found at the time of testing as assessed by direct observation of the behavior of the animals in their
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ARCA Cy3 EGFP synthesis br Cholecystokinin CCK CCK is secret
2022-02-11

Cholecystokinin (CCK) CCK is secreted by enteroendocrine I-cells of the duodenum and jejunum in response to amino acids and lipids [14]. There are two forms of the CCK receptor, CCK1 which is expressed on pancreatic α- and β-cells while CCK2 is located on somatostatin-secreting δ-cells [8]. CCK r
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br Regulation of gonadotropins by GnRH GnRH is released
2022-02-11

Regulation of gonadotropins by GnRH GnRH is released from the hypothalamus, and its release pattern is known to be pulsatile. That is, the pulse frequency and amplitude of GnRH release vary physiologically during reproductive cycles in females, and differentially stimulate the production and rele
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During the tests in vitro SHP showed the beneficial effect
2022-02-11

During the tests in vitro, SHP289-04 showed the beneficial effect on both two important aspects. In human liver carcinoma cell line HepG2, it was found to improve glucose consumption significantly. Otherwise, in pancreas cell line NIT1, it could only promote insulin secretion significantly at high g
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To directly address whether pharmacological attenuation of p
2022-02-11

To directly address whether pharmacological attenuation of physiological GIP provides therapeutic benefits in obese mice, we pursued a selective long-acting antagonist to complement the work we report on GIPR agonism. We report a GIP analog of sufficient aqueous solubility that employs a shortened N
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The sexual dimorphism in dlGALR
2022-02-10

The sexual dimorphism in dlGALR1a and dlGALR1b receptors found in the gonads of adult fish led us to hypothesize that the gene expression difference between female and males might be attributed to the differences in steroid production between female and male gonads. Interestingly we have found that
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br Although earlier studies had reported conflicting results
2022-02-10

Although earlier studies had reported conflicting results regarding the role of Ca2+ in regulating SV endocytosis, more recent data suggest that Ca2+ influx facilitates SV endocytosis in hippocampal neurons, the calyx of Held, and in inner hair ambroxol hydrochloride australia (Dittman and Ryan,
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br Conclusion Our data allow pharmacological discrimination
2022-02-10

Conclusion Our data allow pharmacological discrimination of diverse of H3 eicosapentaenoic acid sale antagonists that can be linked to their differential efficacy in preclinical and clinical disease settings (Fig. 6). Moreover, we identify the sigma-1 receptor as a common “off target” for H3 ant
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HOs can be found in
2022-02-10

HOs can be found in both plants and animals and they are evolutionarily conserved proteins [8]. There are two HO isoenzymes: inducible heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and constitutive heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2) encoded by different genes [9,10]. Biosynthesis of a stress-inducible HO-1 can be triggered by a var
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Since TgGC resisted several knockout attempts with
2022-02-10

Since TgGC resisted several knockout attempts with CRISPR-Cas9, we utilized traditional epitope tagging and an auxin-inducible degron (AID) system (Brown et al., 2017, Brown et al., 2018, Long et al., 2017) to detect and regulate TgGC expression. TgGC localizes to the apical cap region of the plasma
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br Conclusion Interactions between neurons
2022-02-10

Conclusion Interactions between neurons and astrocytes depend on the spatial configuration of their contacts. Therefore, changes of astrocyte morphology may impact various physiological mechanisms ranging from glutamate uptake and potassium homeostasis to modulation of synaptic transmission and p
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In this study we also investigated the role of GST
2022-02-10

In this study, we also investigated the role of GST Trelagliptin in relation to ASD. In univariable analyses, where the role of each GST gene (i.e., GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) was individually assessed, we did not observe any significant associations between the GST genotypes and ASD. In contrast, a prev
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The atherosclerosis development requires additional pro infl
2022-02-10

The atherosclerosis development requires additional pro-inflammatory response in the vascular tissue, promoting increased levels of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1). Cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β are able to upre
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