• Methacholine MCh is a bronchoconstrictive agent that has bee

  2019-11-06

  

  Methacholine (MCh) is a bronchoconstrictive agent that has been widely used in the diagnoses of airway narrowing and hyperresponsiveness (Jonasson et al., 2009). MCh induces muscle contractions by stimulating the muscarinic cholinergic receptors that are found in both the airways and the lung parenc

• During the host response to inflammation inflammatory mediat

  2019-11-06

  

  During the host response to inflammation, inflammatory mediators, including release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, have been associated with altered content, expression, and activity of CYP450 enzymes, consequently leading to alterations in the metabolism and elimination of certain drugs. The losses

• Recently a method for in vivo photoactivation of

  2019-11-06

  

  Recently, a method for in vivo photoactivation of Seratrodast expressing PA-GFP in precise microanatomical compartments was described (Victora et al., 2010), which makes it possible to optically mark Tfh cells and track them 20 hr later (Shulman et al., 2013). Unexpectedly, it was reported that Tfh

• Multiple lines of evidence now

  2019-11-06

  

  Multiple lines of evidence now indicate that mitochondrial decay is a fundamental factor that leads to alterations in energy metabolism in the aged heart (Hagen et al., 2002, Judge and Leeuwenburgh, 2007, Lesnefsky et al., 2001c). Nevertheless, the exact biochemical events that cause such an alterat

• Identification of the drug to be used

  2019-11-06

  

  Identification of the drug to be used as first-step antihypertensive treatment has always been, and remains, a matter of debate. The decision wihich drug (or drug combination) to choose as first-line therapy depend on many variables such as coexisting metabolic disorders, obesity, presence of subcli

• From an industrial perspective the

  2019-11-06

  

  From an industrial perspective, the low turnover numbers and limited substrate scope of α-KG halogenases still represents a significant challenge. However, in light of the fact that currently no chemical processes are available for the selective halogenation of aliphatic carbon centers in complex mo

• br Introduction Protein modification by

  2019-11-05

  

  Introduction Protein modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins is one of the most common and important regulatory mechanisms in biology (Finley et al., 2004, Pickart, 2004). Ubiquitination is carried out by an enzymatic cascade consisting of three steps. In the first step, ubiquitin i

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank Genevi ve Almouz

  2019-11-05

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Geneviève Almouzni, Sophie Polo, Ralph Scully, Wael Mansour, and Jeremy Stark for providing cell lines and Wolf Heyer, Haico van Attikum, Martijn Luijsterburg, and Brendan Price for helpful discussions. We thank Ratna Weimer, Bettina Basso, Christel Braun,

• Importantly piPolB holds a great

  2019-11-05

  

  Importantly, piPolB holds a great promise for developing novel biotechnological applications. For instance, in vitro activities of piPolB, namely, strand displacement and faithful, processive DNA polymerization, can be harnessed for efficient primer-independent whole-genome amplification, whereas th

• br Introduction Pattern separation is the ability to make di

  2019-11-05

  

  Introduction Pattern separation is the ability to make distinct representations from highly overlapping information, a process which is important for memory encoding (Clelland et al., 2009). For correct pattern separation, old information needs to be retrieved and compared to new information. If

• Increased knowledge about CRC pathogenesis has provided new

  2019-11-05

  

  Increased knowledge about CRC pathogenesis has provided new and remarkable treatments beyond the classical options of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy [11]. Despite these advances, chemotherapy remains the most important element of anti-cancer therapy. Chemotherapy, when initiated, is generally

• The radial distribution function is

  2019-11-05

  

  The radial distribution function, , is given by: For pure components and pseudo-components, the constants a and b are calculated as:whereand Tc, Pc and ω are the critical temperature, critical pressure and acentric factor, respectively. Parameters a and b for mixtures are calculated from those of

• Recently roflumilast has been approved as

  2019-11-05

  

  Recently, roflumilast has been approved as the first selective PDE4 inhibitor for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [2]. Roflumilast has been suggested to target several different pathogenetic mechanisms, including inflammation, fibrotic, emphysematous and vascular remode

• The reaction of chitosan with DVS

  2019-11-05

  

  The reaction of chitosan with DVS should take place primarily through a nucleophilic attack of the vinyl sulfone groups to the amino groups in chitosan [39,50], although its hydroxyl groups can also be involved, as it happens when using agarose [35]. These reactions create very stable secondary amin

• Omar Farha and coworkers have recently successfully employed

  2019-11-05

  

  Omar Farha and coworkers have recently successfully employed metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to tackle these limitations while retaining the essential characteristics of an immobilization material. MOFs consist of metal ions, or small clusters thereof, coordinated with organic ligands. MOFs are high

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